HDFS 430/630 Spring Final 2011

HDFS 430/630 Spring Final 2011

Multiple Choice - 1 pt. ea.

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____    1.   Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the authors' perspectives in writing this book?

a.	Despite cross-cultural diversity, there are numerous universals in sexual experiences, attitudes and preferences.
b.	The book reflects a primarily sociobiological orientation.
c.	Our sexual attitudes and behaviors are strongly shaped by our society.
d.	Human sexuality is influenced more by biological factors than by psychological factors.

____    2.   A psychosocial orientation reflects a concern with ____ factors in the study of human sexuality.

a.	biological and anthropological
b.	sociological and medical
c.	psychological and social
d.	psychiatric and sociobiological

____    3.   The cultural theme of sex-for-procreation

a.	is supported by the authors.
b.	has its roots in Buddhist religious philosophy.
c.	may devalue sexual behaviors other than intercourse.
d.	may result in men feeling pressure to be "active" and women feeling pressure to be "passive".

____    4.   All of the following are characteristic of sexuality in China except

a.	Many men do not know that a woman has a clitoris.
b.	Most married women view procreation as the reason for sex.
c.	Adolescents and young adults are more sexually active than in the United States.
d.	Little or no sex education exists in schools.

____    5.   Two of the early church fathers in Christianity who expanded on the theme of sex as sin were

a.	Augustine and Luther.
b.	Augustine and St. Peter.
c.	Aquinas and Adam.
d.	Augustine and Aquinas.

____    6.   This person saw celibacy as superior to marriage.

a.	Martin Luther
b.	John Calvin
c.	Mary Wollstonecraft
d.	Paul of Tarsus

____    7.   Which one of the following individuals asserted that premarital and extramarital sex were NOT sinful?

a.	John Calvin
b.	Queen Victoria
c.	Mary Wollstonecraft
d.	Aquinas

____    8.   Whose pioneering studies after World War II helped lead to a greater acceptance of a variety of sexual behaviors?

a.	Kinsey
b.	Freud
c.	Moser
d.	Erikson

____    9.   Most of our scientific information about human sexuality has been obtained through

a.	case studies.
b.	surveys.
c.	direct observation.
d.	experimental research.

____  10.   Which of the following is an advantage of using questionnaires instead of interviews?

a.	The researcher can develop a rapport with the subject.
b.	They provide opportunities for flexibility.
c.	They are usually anonymous.
d.	They usually take longer and are more thorough.

____  11.   Kinsey's studies on American sexuality were pioneering but limited, because his sample included

a.	a disproportionate number of better educated persons.
b.	non-volunteers.
c.	large numbers of rural dwellers.
d.	mostly older adults.

____  12.   Which of the following statements most accurately describes Kinsey's research?

a.	It discovered the causes of sexual dysfunction in men and women.
b.	It described the physiology of sexual behavior in women and men.
c.	It described patterns of sexual behavior in men and women.
d.	It reported the incidence of deviant sexual behavior in men.

____  13.   Direct observation is a reliable method for studying sexuality because the possibility of ____ is greatly reduced.

a.	demographic bias
b.	researcher interpretive bias
c.	data falsification
d.	self-selection

____  14.   Knowing a researcher's credentials is helpful in trying to decide whether or not

a.	the research is likely to be valid.
b.	the research was performed ethically.
c.	the research was done according to APA or SSS guidelines.
d.	all of the above.

____  15.   The ____ are part of the endocrine system.

a.	Wolffian ducts
b.	Müllerian ducts
c.	gonads
d.	external genital structures

____  16.   ____ is to androgens as ____ is to estrogens.

a.	Estradiol; progesterone
b.	SRY; testosterone
c.	Testosterone; estradiol
d.	Estrogen; progesterone

____  17.   Which of the following statements regarding estrogens is false?

a.	Estrogens influence the development of female physical sex characteristics.
b.	A main function of estrogen is to stimulate the development of the uterine lining in preparation for pregnancy.
c.	Small amounts of estrogens are secreted from the adrenal glands.
d.	Estrogens are secreted by the ovaries.

____  18.   A finding that individuals with androgen insensitivity syndrome acquire a female gender identity would support the importance of ____ in the formation of gender-identity.

a.	biological factors
b.	social learning
c.	physical appearance
d.	hormones

____  19.   DHT is a hormone that is necessary for the development of the

a.	Müllerian ducts.
b.	gonads.
c.	male external genitals.
d.	female external genitals.

____  20.   Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the cause of transsexualism?

a.	Prenatal exposure to hormones of the other sex probably leads to transsexualism.
b.	Unusual social learning experiences are the cause of transsexualism.
c.	A chromosomal abnormality has been shown to be associated with some transsexualism.
d.	There is insufficient evidence at this time to draw any definitive conclusions concerning the cause of transsexualism.

____  21.   Post-operative studies of transsexuals have shown their adjustment to be

a.	generally negative.
b.	generally positive.
c.	initially positive, but eventually problematic.
d.	positive for those originally female, but negative for those originally male.

____  22.   Most theorists believe that gender roles are primarily a result of

a.	brain differences.
b.	hormonal variations.
c.	socialization.
d.	differences in reproduction roles.

____  23.   The labia majora

a.	contain the cavernous bodies.
b.	are a source of vaginal lubrication.
c.	surround the labia minora.
d.	join at the prepuce over the clitoris.

____  24.   The labia majora encloses all of the following except

a.	clitoris.
b.	mons veneris.
c.	introitus.
d.	urethral opening.

____  25.   The cavernous bodies, or spongy structures are located in the

a.	introitus.
b.	vestibule.
c.	labia minora.
d.	shaft of the clitoris.

____  26.   Vasocongestion is best defined as

a.	swelling of tissue as a result of mucous secretions.
b.	engorgement of blood vessels in certain tissues in response to sexual arousal.
c.	irritation of the vaginal lining from repeated intercourse.
d.	increased muscle contraction in response to sexual arousal.

____  27.   All of the following are layers of the uterus except

a.	perimetrium.
b.	endometrium.
c.	perineum.
d.	myometrium.

____  28.   Which of the following is a low risk factor for breast cancer?

a.	no pregnancies
b.	never breast fed a child
c.	onset of menstruation before age 12
d.	more than two hours of exercise per week

____  29.   Which of the following is NOT a part of the penis?

a.	the root
b.	the spongy body
c.	the glans
d.	the epididymis

____  30.   Castration has been performed in recent decades for all of the following reasons except

a.	to treat prostate cancer.
b.	to attempt to deter sex offenders.
c.	as a supposed "cure" for masturbation.
d.	to prevent a mentally disabled person from having offspring.

____  31.   Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of doing Kegel exercises?

a.	increased pelvic sensation
b.	increased ejaculatory control
c.	more rapid erection
d.	stronger orgasm

____  32.   All of the following stimuli cause the scrotum to draw closer to the body except

a.	sexual arousal.
b.	warm temperatures.
c.	sudden fear.
d.	stroking the inner thighs.

____  33.   The major sources of androgens in the male are the

a.	interstitial cells.
b.	bulbourethral glands.
c.	seminal vesicles.
d.	cavernous bodies.

____  34.   ____ takes place within the seminiferous tubules.

a.	Blood engorgement
b.	Androgen production
c.	Sperm production
d.	The production of seminal fluid

____  35.   The vas deferens

a.	is a tube through which urine passes from the bladder to the outside of the body.
b.	is located inside the penis.
c.	is the tube that is severed in a vasectomy.
d.	is where sperm production takes place.

____  36.   All of the following are related to sperm production and storage except

a.	seminiferous tubules.
b.	testes.
c.	Cowper's glands.
d.	epididymis.

____  37.   The Cowper's glands secrete a fluid when a man becomes sexually aroused

a.	that is acidic in nature.
b.	that may contain active sperm.
c.	that functions as a vaginal lubricant during intercourse.
d.	that is released during the emission phase of ejaculation.

____  38.   During the ____ phase of ejaculation, a man will usually experience the "point of no return".

a.	emission
b.	retrograde
c.	expulsion
d.	rapid-eye movement

____  39.   Which of the following statements concerning penis size is true?

a.	Most women say that larger penis size is an important factor in their sexual gratification.
b.	Due to research findings on penile anatomy, few men worry about penis size anymore.
c.	Smaller flaccid penises tend to expand proportionately more in size during erection than ones that are larger when flaccid.
d.	Penis size is related to race, but not to virility or body build.

____  40.   Brian is having surgery performed which involves making an incision at the base of his penis and severing the ligaments that attach the root to the pelvic bone. Brian is most likely having this surgery performed for which of the following reasons?

a.	To treat penile cancer.
b.	To treat testicular cancer.
c.	To treat phimosis.
d.	To cosmetically augment his penis size.

____  41.   A condition known as ____ exists when a man has an extremely tight foreskin.

a.	cremasteric constriction
b.	phimosis
c.	cryptorchidism
d.	glans constriction

____  42.   For an uncircumcised male, retracting the foreskin and practicing daily hygiene can help avoid the problem of

a.	coronal eczema.
b.	prostatitis.
c.	smegma build-up.
d.	phimosis.

____  43.   The second leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States is

a.	testicular cancer.
b.	prostate cancer.
c.	rectal cancer.
d.	penile cancer.

____  44.   Both the ____ and ____ produce androgens in the female body.

a.	ovaries; hypothalamus
b.	adrenal glands; hypothalamus
c.	ovaries; adrenal glands
d.	adrenal glands; Bartholin's glands

____  45.   Erika has just turned fifty and has noticed a decrease in sexual desire and orgasmic capacity as well as a decrease in her overall energy level. She may ask her physician to assess her

a.	free testosterone level.
b.	bound testosterone level.
c.	total testosterone level.
d.	blood libido level.

____  46.   Of the main senses, ____ tends to predominate during sexual sharing.

a.	taste
b.	touch
c.	smell
d.	vision

____  47.   Nicotine slows sexual motivation and function by

a.	dilating the blood vessels.
b.	impairing hypothalamic and pituitary functioning.
c.	constricting the blood vessels and decreasing testosterone in the blood.
d.	Recent evidence demonstrates that use of nicotine does not retard sexual motivation, as was earlier believed.

____  48.   All of the following are physiosexual changes that occur in the excitement phase of the aging female except

a.	the uterus ceases to elevate.
b.	the vaginal blood-volume increase is smaller.
c.	the vagina mucosa becomes thinner.
d.	the ability of the inner vagina to expand is diminished.

____  49.   Some researchers liken the pain, anxiety and despair following the break-up of a relationship to

a.	the increase in norepinephrine.
b.	lack of sexual intimacy.
c.	alcoholism.
d.	withdrawal from amphetamines.

____  50.   Nocturnal orgasm is another term for

a.	having intercourse after midnight.
b.	"wet dreams".
c.	delayed ejaculation.
d.	retrograde ejaculation.

____  51.   Nocturnal orgasm is experienced by

a.	men.
b.	women.
c.	men and women.
d.	adolescent males only.

____  52.   Which of the following statements regarding sexual fantasy is false?

a.	Research reveals that people who experience more guilt about sex feel more arousal in response to sexual fantasies than people who do not experience as much guilt about sex.
b.	Most research indicates that sexual fantasy is healthy.
c.	Private fantasies during sex with a partner may erode trust and intimacy.
d.	People who experience low levels of sexual desire do not usually engage in sexual fantasy.

____  53.   Which of the following is NOT true concerning the term "gay"?

a.	It has come into common usage among teens as a negative label.
b.	This was first used as a code word by homosexuals to refer to themselves.
c.	This term is used to refer to homosexuals who have deliberately chosen this lifestyle.
d.	It may have political and social implications.

____  54.   Which statement best reflects current Christian views on homosexuality?

a.	Homosexuality is a sin.
b.	Homosexuality is inherently unnatural.
c.	Homosexuality cannot be changed except through religious conversion.
d.	There is a great range of positions.

____  55.   Telling "queer" jokes and/or avoiding any behavior that might be interpreted as homosexual are manifestations of

a.	xenophobia.
b.	homoerotica.
c.	heterophobia.
d.	homophobia.

____  56.   Which of the following is NOT part of the coming-out process?

a.	passing
b.	self-acceptance
c.	self-acknowledgment
d.	telling the family

____  57.   For both males and females, homosexual and heterosexual, the most important factor in a love relationship is

a.	maintaining the passion and intensity.
b.	talking about intimate feelings.
c.	sharing common interests.
d.	having a positive outlook on life.

____  58.   Of the following, which is the most effective birth control method when used correctly?

a.	male condoms
b.	diaphragm and spermicide
c.	Depo-Provera
d.	cervical cap

____  59.   Which of the following statements regarding outercourse is false?

a.	Oral sex is a form of it.
b.	Anal intercourse is a form of it.
c.	It is safe sex, in that you cannot contract or transmit a sexually transmitted disease.
d.	It can be a viable form of birth control.

____  60.   Which of the following statements regarding oral contraceptive use is false?

a.	It may increase a woman's spontaneity and enjoyment.
b.	It may change sexual motivation.
c.	It often reduces the incidence of migraine headaches and/or depression.
d.	The risks associated with it are much lower than that of pregnancy.

____  61.   Which of the following statements is true?

a.	Natural-skin condoms interfere less with sensation than do latex ones.
b.	The concept of a penile sheath to prevent conception was first introduced at the turn of the century.
c.	The average shelf-life of condoms is about six months.
d.	Condoms should be stored in warm places to maintain their elasticity.

____  62.   A woman would have to be fitted for all of these cervical barrier devices except

a.	diaphragm.
b.	cervical cap.
c.	Leah's Shield.
d.	vaginal foam.

____  63.   A method called ____ attempts to facilitate implantation by placing the fertilized egg in the fallopian tube.

a.	ZIFT (zygote intrafallopian transfer)
b.	IVF (in vitro fertilization)
c.	artificial insemination
d.	GIFT (gamete intrafallopian transfer)

____  64.   All of the following are reasons for performing a cesarean section except

a.	mother's preference.
b.	fetal distress during labor.
c.	feet or bottom coming out of the uterus first.
d.	large fetal head.

____  65.   Which of the following is NOT true regarding the study of normative sexual behavior in children, as reported by their mothers?

a.	Observed sexual behaviors peaked at age five.
b.	There were no ethnic differences.
c.	Mothers who had more years of education reported observing more sexual behavior in their children.
d.	A five-year-old boy who touches his genitals on and off should be watched for possible sexual abuse.

____  66.   Menarche may be delayed by

a.	abnormally high levels of estrogens.
b.	a low percentage of body fat.
c.	low testosterone production.
d.	dietary changes.

____  67.   African American adolescents raised in affluent homes are ____ likely to engage in intercourse than their poorer counterparts.

a.	more
b.	equally as
c.	less
d.	No research has been done on this.

____  68.   Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning AIDS?

a.	Multiple sex partners increase the risk of HIV infection.
b.	Twenty percent of all reported cases are for persons in their 20's.
c.	Those who have learned the facts about AIDS in school are apparently less likely to engage in risky behaviors.
d.	The average age of HIV infection has been steadily decreasing over the past 20 years.

____  69.   Which of the following is the best predictor of marital satisfaction?

a.	moments of support, kindness, passion and mutual pleasure that far outweigh moments of disgust, criticism, defensiveness and anger
b.	having a validating relationship style
c.	sharing similar goals and interests
d.	sharing compatible views on money and money management

____  70.   Javier and Helena go to parties with other married couples and have sexual interactions with other married couples' partners. Javier and Helena are best described as

a.	swingers.
b.	polygamists.
c.	adulterers.
d.	polyamorists.

____  71.   Which of the following statements regarding sexuality and aging is false?

a.	It is extremely rare for new sexual relationships to begin in later adulthood, i.e., over 65.
b.	It is possible that homosexuals may be better able to deal with losses with aging because of the adversity that they have already experienced.
c.	It is useful for the older to redefine their affectional relationships.
d.	Sex therapy may be useful even for older individuals and couples.

____  72.   Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSD) is more common among

a.	gays or lesbians who have not fully accepted their sexual orientation.
b.	women.
c.	people with unresolved relationship problems.
d.	all of the above.

____  73.   Premature ejaculation is defined

a.	as an orgasm that occurs in less than three minutes.
b.	differently depending upon the age of the male.
c.	on a man's ability to control when he has an orgasm, considering the satisfaction of the man and his partner.
d.	most accurately by laboratory instrumentation.

____  74.   Peyronie's disease refers to

a.	accumulation of smegma under the foreskin of a man's penis.
b.	fibrous tissue and calcium deposits that develop in the space between the cavernous bodies of the penis.
c.	a severe penile urethral infection.
d.	a condition in which the foreskin of the penis is abnormally tight.

____  75.   Which of the following would be a likely cause of deep pelvic pain as opposed to pain at the vaginal opening?

a.	endometriosis
b.	inadequate stimulation
c.	insufficient lubrication
d.	vulvar vestibulitis syndrome

____  76.   The major purpose of doing masturbation exercises is to

a.	experience orgasmic release.
b.	relax and relieve tension.
c.	increase the possibility of having multiple orgasms.
d.	learn about and enhance sexual response.

____  77.   Which of the following is suggested for a man who has problems with premature ejaculation?

a.	If a man ejaculates rapidly, continue sexual interaction until his erection returns.
b.	Have a "small orgasm".
c.	Use the bridge maneuver.
d.	Practice sensate focus exercises.

____  78.   ____ and ____ in men are commonly caused by chlamydia infections.

a.	Nongonococcal urethritis; herpes keratitis
b.	Viral hepatitis; epididymitis
c.	Nongonococcal urethritis; epididymitis
d.	Trichomoniasis; epididymitis

____  79.   Which of the following statements regarding gonorrhea is true?

a.	It is a viral infection.
b.	It is usually treated with penicillin.
c.	If left untreated, complication include cervical and penile cancer.
d.	Gonorrhea may infect the throat and rectum.

____  80.   The symptoms of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) in males are similar to those of

a.	syphilis.
b.	gonorrhea.
c.	AIDS.
d.	viral hepatitis.

____  81.   All of the following are phases of syphilitic development except

a.	tertiary.
b.	prodromal.
c.	latent.
d.	primary.

____  82.   Genital warts

a.	are associated with various cancers.
b.	are caused by a bacterial microorganism.
c.	are usually treated with antibiotics.
d.	have decreased in incidence in recent years.

____  83.   All of the following may be used to treat genital warts except

a.	Zovirax.
b.	vaporization by carbon dioxide laser.
c.	topical applications of podofilox.
d.	freezing with liquid nitrogen.

____  84.   Which of the following statements concerning pubic lice is false?

a.	They may be found in the armpits or scalp.
b.	They may be found in the pubic hair.
c.	They may be transmitted nonsexually.
d.	They are treated with tetracycline.

____  85.   Which one of the following is NOT true concerning viral load?

a.	This refers to how much virus is present in an infected person's blood.
b.	The greater the viral load the greater the chance of transmitting HIV infection.
c.	Viral load is lowest at the time of initial infection and only gradually increases.
d.	There is a period of time between viral load occurrence and the development of antibodies.

____  86.   Which of the following would be the best definition of a coercive paraphilia?

a.	The activity involves physical force.
b.	The activity takes place without consent of the victim.
c.	The activity involves a victim who is unknown to the perpetrator.
d.	The activity takes place in illegal circumstances.

____  87.   A person who cross-dresses for purposes of sexual arousal is

a.	a transsexual.
b.	a drag queen.
c.	a transvestite.
d.	androgynous.

____  88.   A study of SM participants in a non-clinical environment found that SM activities involve

a.	consensuality.
b.	the expression of both sadism and masochism within the same encounter.
c.	coercion.
d.	severe physical pain.

____  89.   The majority of people who have engaged in zoophilia are

a.	females who grew up in rural areas.
b.	males who grew up on farms.
c.	males who were raised by a single parent.
d.	females who wear soft clothing.

____  90.   All of the following patterns have been identified in relatively "rape free" societies except

a.	women and men share power and authority.
b.	women and men contribute equally to the community welfare.
c.	the majority of people share similar religious beliefs.
d.	children of both sexes are socialized to avoid violence and aggression and value nurturance.

____  91.   A study of rapes or attempted rapes found that

a.	women who do such things as scream, kick and run were more likely to avoid being raped.
b.	women who don't wear makeup or perfume are more likely to avoid being raped.
c.	women who can readily cry are more likely to avoid being raped.
d.	there are no patterns as to who is likely to avoid a rape when an attempt is make.

____  92.   Suggestions for helping a friend or partner recover from rape include all but which one of the following?

a.	Give comfort with words.
b.	Insist that the victim call a rape hotline, or see a counselor.
c.	Offer shelter at your home.
d.	Let her discuss this as often as she wants.

____  93.   Which of the following should a parent NOT do if their child tells them that they've been abused?

a.	Do not ignore the report.
b.	React with extreme agitation in front of the child.
c.	Make sure the child is protected from further opportunities for abuse.
d.	Report the offender to the police even if it is a relative.

____  94.   Erotica can be distinguished from pornography because

a.	pornography depicts genitalia; erotica does not.
b.	erotica is made primarily by females; pornography is made primarily by males.
c.	the word "pornography" connotes domination of women; erotica portrays sexuality respectfully.
d.	erotica is soft-core; pornography is hard-core.

____  95.   Racial stereotypes presented in interracial pornography are an example of

a.	violent and aggressive pornography.
b.	degrading and dehumanizing pornography.
c.	erotica.
d.	masochistic and aggressive pornography.

____  96.   The CIA/State Department report estimated that there are ____ women and children who are essentially slaves in the U.S. sex industry.

a.	no
b.	several thousand
c.	50,000
d.	250,000

____  97.   A possible consequence of decriminalizing prostitution would include all of the following except

a.	that women would be allowed to control the use of their own bodies.
b.	that criminal penalties for engaging in prostitution would be removed.
c.	that its association with organized crime might be weakened.
d.	that it could be licensed and regulated.

____  98.   The American Life League promotes

a.	the rights of women to legally obtain abortions.
b.	the idea that when a couple has intercourse they have committed themselves to having a baby.
c.	the idea that sexual intercourse is sacred and may be practiced to celebrate marriage.
d.	the rights of same sex couples to enter into legal unions.

____  99.   When studying the diversity that exists within subcultures in the United States it is essential to remember that

a.	people of similar ethnicities are likely to share similar attitudes.
b.	differing socioeconomic backgrounds are not likely to affect people's attitudes about sexuality.
c.	within the same group there are likely to be differences between subgroups.
d.	people of differing ethnicities are likely to have opposing opinions.

____ 100.   Which of the following is true regarding Islamic beliefs about polygamy?

a.	Polygamy did not exist prior to Islam.
b.	War led to disproportionate numbers of women compared to men, so polygamy provided husbands for widows or orphans.
c.	The Quran prohibits polygamy.
d.	A Muslim man is allowed to have as many wives as he wishes.

____ 101.   Which of the following belief systems within Chinese culture actively promotes sexual activity for reasons other than procreation?

a.	Taoism
b.	Buddhism
c.	Islam
d.	Yang

____ 102.   Which of the following contraceptives became available during the 1960's?

a.	oral contraceptive pills
b.	the IUD
c.	spermicides
d.	all of the above

____ 103.   The idea that sex sells is confirmed by which of the following?

a.	Jeans sales decreased during the 1980's.
b.	All forms of advertising except billboards increased jeans sales by more than 50%.
c.	Sex in advertising is most effective when the product is intrinsically linked to sex.
d.	SMBD is especially effective in selling cars and SUVs.

____ 104.   Kinsey and his associates obtained their data by means of

a.	direct observation.
b.	case studies.
c.	experimental research.
d.	survey interviews.

____ 105.   One of the major drawbacks of internet-based research is

a.	the inability to keep track of data.
b.	the risk of sample-selection bias.
c.	the large numbers of people who respond.
d.	the inability to generalize results.

____ 106.   Chromosomal sex is determined by

a.	hormones.
b.	the makeup of the sperm and ovum at conception.
c.	the 21st pair of chromosomes.
d.	the biological mother.

____ 107.   Which of the following statements regarding female genital cutting is false?

a.	It can cause death.
b.	It is practiced in parts of Africa, the Middle East and Asia.
c.	Genital infibulation is the least extreme form.
d.	In countries where genital mutilation is practiced, young girls are considered unmarriageable if they have not undergone the prescribed "surgery".

____ 108.   The introitus is located

a.	between the urinary opening and the anus.
b.	between the clitoris and the vaginal opening.
c.	where the labia majora converge.
d.	in the shaft of the clitoris.

____ 109.   The hymen

a.	begins to develop during adolescence.
b.	typically covers the entire vaginal opening.
c.	has several different physiological functions.
d.	may serve to protect vaginal tissues early in life.

____ 110.   The first time a woman begins to menstruate is called

a.	mittelschmerz.
b.	proliferation.
c.	menarche.
d.	the secretory phase.

____ 111.   Menopause has gained more attention from the medical community and society as a whole largely because

a.	women are living many years after menopause now.
b.	of the feminist movement.
c.	more physicians are women now than ever before.
d.	medical science finally understands what happens during menopause.

____ 112.   Both ejaculatory ducts and the urethra pass through the

a.	Cowper's glands.
b.	prostate gland.
c.	testes.
d.	epidymis.

____ 113.   The ____ is located at the base of the bladder and secretes about 30 percent of the seminal fluid released during ejaculation.

a.	vas deferens
b.	bulbourethral gland
c.	seminal vesicle
d.	prostate gland

____ 114.   During the expulsion phase of ejaculation

a.	the collected semen is expelled into the bladder.
b.	the prostate, seminal vesicles, and ampulla undergo contractions.
c.	the collected semen is expelled out of the penis.
d.	pre-cum is expelled through the urethra.

____ 115.   Retrograde ejaculation may occur as a result of all of the following except

a.	prostate surgery.
b.	using certain drugs.
c.	a congenital abnormality.
d.	doing Kegel exercises.

____ 116.   According to several researchers, who would be most likely to experience multiple orgasms?

a.	Women who are sexually relating to other women.
b.	Women who experience both vulval and uterine orgasms.
c.	Women who prefer G-spot stimulation.
d.	Women with relatively high androgen levels.

____ 117.   Which of the following would be least likely to explain why we are attracted to particular individuals?

a.	proximity
b.	opposites attract
c.	physical attractiveness
d.	brain chemistry

____ 118.   Which of the following statements concerning anal stimulation is false?

a.	It is possible for a woman to experience orgasm during anal intercourse.
b.	Oral stimulation of the anus is a high-risk behavior.
c.	A lubricant should always be used with anal intercourse.
d.	For women, the risk of contracting the AIDS virus through unprotected anal intercourse is the same as the risk through unprotected vaginal intercourse.

____ 119.   Which of the following best describes Kinsey's continuum of sexual orientation?

a.	A seven-point scale ranging from 0 (exclusive heterosexual contact and attraction) to 6 (exclusive homosexual contact and attraction).
b.	A six-point scale ranging from 1 (exclusive homosexual contact and attraction) to 6 (exclusive heterosexual contact and attraction).
c.	A ten-point scale ranging from 0 (exclusive homosexual contact and attraction) to 9 (exclusive heterosexual contact and attraction).
d.	A five-point scale ranging from 1 (exclusive heterosexual contact and attraction) to 5 (exclusive homosexual contact and attraction).

____ 120.   All of the following affects male fertility except

a.	smoking.
b.	low percentage of body fat.
c.	alcohol abuse.
d.	environmental toxins.

____ 121.   With respect to the extent of involvement in his partner's abortion, the male partner

a.	has a legal right to demand an abortion.
b.	has a legal right to deny an abortion.
c.	can help pay medical expenses as a way to support his partner.
d.	rarely experiences much emotional distress.

____ 122.   The first ejaculation in boys

a.	occurs around age 10.
b.	occurs when the prostate and seminal vesicles begin functioning.
c.	occurs when the testicles have fully descended.
d.	occurs when the vas deferens is fully functioning.

____ 123.   The authors suggest that parents should take the initiative in sexual discussions

a.	very rarely.
b.	most of the time.
c.	with children of their same sex.
d.	for menstruation and ejaculation.

____ 124.   Which of the following is NOT a culture that has practiced polygamy?

a.	Mormons
b.	Catholics
c.	Swaziland
d.	the Middle East

____ 125.   All of the following were cited by the authors as reasons for engaging in nonconsensual extramarital sex except

a.	wanting to expand emotionally or sexually.
b.	unavailability of sex within the marriage.
c.	a way to begin ending a marriage that is no longer satisfying.
d.	a manifestation of sexual addiction.

____ 126.   All of the following are given as reasons for the high divorce rate in the United States except

a.	decreasing expectations for marriage to provide sexual and emotional fulfillment.
b.	the reduction in the social stigma attached to divorce.
c.	increased economic independence of women.
d.	the liberalization of divorce laws.

____ 127.   All of the following are common reactions experienced by people adjusting to divorce except

a.	a sense of relief and acceptance several months to a year later.
b.	shock.
c.	loneliness.
d.	unwavering interest in establishing sexual relationships.

____ 128.   The medical term for painful intercourse is

a.	pelvic inflammatory disease.
b.	vaginismus.
c.	dyspareunia.
d.	vulvar vestibulitis.

____ 129.   Which of the following is true regarding blindness and/or deafness in relation to sexual functioning?

a.	By themselves, blindness and deafness do not physically impair sexual interest or response.
b.	Both blindness and deafness are likely to be associated with other neurological impairment.
c.	Other senses are increased in blind and/or deaf people.
d.	Blindness is more likely to interfere with a male's sexual functioning than is deafness.

____ 130.   Janet experiences recurrent herpes outbreaks fairly frequently. Which of the following suggestions would be least helpful to her in minimizing the discomfort associated with these outbreaks?

a.	avoid drinking liquids that would make her urine more acidic
b.	use a local topical anesthetic
c.	wear nylon underwear
d.	learn relaxation techniques

____ 131.   Which of the following statements regarding HIV is false?

a.	HIV has been found in the vaginal secretions, blood, semen, saliva, urine and breast milk of infected individuals.
b.	Reported cases of heterosexually transmitted HIV have been increasing in recent years.
c.	The incidence of AIDS is increasing more rapidly among men than women in the United States.
d.	Symptoms of HIV infection are commonly associated with other types of illnesses.

____ 132.   HIV is a

a.	recumbent virus.
b.	retrovirus.
c.	bacteria.
d.	parasite.

____ 133.   Klismaphilia refers to a variation in sexual behavior in which

a.	a person may become primarily or exclusively aroused by having sex with a much older person.
b.	a person obtains sexual arousal from contact with feces.
c.	an individual becomes sexually aroused from receiving enemas.
d.	a person becomes sexually aroused by something soiled or filthy.

____ 134.   A woman may be reluctant to report having been raped for which of the following reasons?

a.	She blames herself for what happened.
b.	She fears reprisal from the rapist or his family and friends.
c.	She wishes to avoid recalling a traumatic event.
d.	All of the above are true.

____ 135.   Which one is NOT true with respect findings about the impact of media on rape propensity?

a.	Exposure to degrading but nonviolent erotica may increase the inclination to engage in coercive sex.
b.	Viewing hard-core porno depicting violent rape was associated with judging oneself capable of sexual coercion.
c.	Research is contradictory as to whether rapists are aroused by audiotapes of rape scenarios.
d.	It is most likely that any association is due to people who have become deviant later choosing arousing images.

____ 136.   Which of the following should a woman NOT do if she has been raped?

a.	Make note of any physical characteristics of the perpetrator and report these to the police.
b.	Get the license plate number of the perpetrator's vehicle and try to find out where they live.
c.	Seek counseling or an effective treatment program.
d.	The woman needs to remember that she is not to blame for the rape.

____ 137.   The two types of celibacy are ____ and ____.

a.	partial; complete
b.	religious; secular
c.	short-term; long-term
d.	permanent; temporary

____ 138.   Joe frequently asks his wife to wear blue patent leather boots during sex. Joe has a(n)

a.	exhibitionistic fantasy.
b.	transvestic fetish.
c.	shoe fetish.
d.	symbolic fetish.

____ 139.   People with masochistic tendencies may be sexually aroused by

a.	something soiled or filthy, such as dirty underwear.
b.	having intercourse with a corpse.
c.	inflicting physical or mental pain.
d.	being spanked, whipped, or humiliated.

____ 140.   Seeking sexual gratification by exposing one's genitals to an unwilling observer is termed

a.	exhibitionism.
b.	sadism.
c.	voyeurism.
d.	nudism.

True/False - 1 pt. ea.

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

____ 141.   Various Reformation groups believed that intercourse was for pleasure as well as for procreative purposes.

____ 142.   The practice of courtly love, which evolved during the Middle Ages, reflected an idealized image of women.

____ 143.   In most all societies, there are rules governing sexual behavior.

____ 144.   Prenatal sexual differentiation appears to affect aspects of the endocrine system, but not the nervous system or brain.

____ 145.   Individuals with androgen insensitivity syndrome are also chromosomally abnormal.

____ 146.   The area inside the labia minora is called the vulva.

____ 147.   The testicles not only produce sperm but also secrete male sex hormones.

____ 148.   The major portion of seminal fluid is derived from the prostate gland.

____ 149.   Feelings of anxiety, loss and despair following the loss of a romantic love relationship are similar to what a person addicted to amphetamines experiences with withdrawal.

____ 150.   Currently, many religious leaders still believe that masturbation is sinful or harmful, and most scientists and sexologists would agree.

____ 151.   One's sexual orientation, whether heterosexual, bisexual or homosexual is only one aspect of that person's life as opposed to being their total identity.

____ 152.   Sterilization is the most effective method of birth control except for abstinence.

____ 153.   Conception occurs in most couples within 6 months of trying.

____ 154.   Recent research indicates that married people experience higher levels of sexual activity and satisfaction than singles.

____ 155.   One reason for the rising incidence of STDs is the increased use of birth control pills.

____ 156.   The incidence of genital and anal warts has reached epidemic proportions, and this virus can be associated with serious complications.

____ 157.   Men are at higher risk than women are for becoming HIV infected through penile-vaginal intercourse.

____ 158.   Fetishism may develop as a result of operant conditioning.

____ 159.   A consequence of the misconception that women want to be raped is likely that rape survivors may believe that the rape was their fault.

____ 160.   It is still common in the U.S. that people will sometimes blame the victim of rape for the crime.

____ 161.   Screening software when used will largely eliminate the problems of pedophiles in cyberspace.

____ 162.   The legal definitions of obscenity remain vague and subjective.

____ 163.   More research has been done on hustlers than on female prostitutes.

____ 164.   Generally speaking, masturbation tends to be more common among people with less education.

____ 165.   One consideration to be aware of in evaluating a piece of research is whether a sufficient number of participants was used.

____ 166.   A spinal cord injury almost always affects sexual desire.

____ 167.   HIV was transmitted through people having sex with monkeys.

____ 168.   The acronym BDSM stands for bondage and discipline (B&D), dominance and submission (D&S), and sadism and moschism (S&M).

____ 169.   Sex workers at the Moonlite Bunny Ranch are not allowed to leave the premises.

____ 170.   Having a home birth with a midwife is more expensive that giving birth in a hospital.

____ 171.   If a man has an injury to his spinal cord, he can no longer have an erection.

____ 172.   HIV originated from gay men.

____ 173.   HIV is trasmitted through blood, saliva,vaginal secretions, urine, breast milk, and semen.

____ 174.   Sex-reassignment surgiers are still performed on intersexed infants in the United States.

____ 175.   The terms hermaphrodite and intersex can be used interchangably.

____ 176.   The term limerance is synonmous with jealousy

____ 177.   Jack Morin’s erotic equation is: attraction + obstacles = excitement.

____ 178.   Jack Morin discusses 5 cornerstones in the Erotic Mind.

____ 179.   The United States has the highest teen pregnancy rate in the industrialized world.

____ 180.   A recent study from the Center for Sexual Health Promotion at Indiana University showed that 25 percent of those 50 years old and over who were single or had a new sex partner or more than one partner in a year had used a condom the last time they had sex.

Short Answer

        181.   20 points- TYPE at least two paragraphs.

What does “sex-positivity” mean to you after taking this course?  What were the most positive aspects of this course? What were the most negative?