Programming study questions

Final study guide Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. __b__ 1. ____ errors are detected by a compiler. a. Logic c. Input b. Syntax d. Process __d__ 2. After a programmer plans the logic of a program, the next step is ____. a. understanding the problem c. translating the program b. testing the program d. coding the program __a__ 3. The process of walking through a program’s logic on paper before you actually write the program is called ____. a. desk-checking c. pseudocoding b. flowcharting d. testing __d__ 4. Typically, a programmer develops a program’s logic, writes the code, and then ____ the program, which may generate a list of syntax errors. a. runs c. executes b. compiles d. tests __c__ 5. A(n) ____ is a message that is displayed on a monitor, asking the user for a response. a. command prompt c. prompt b. input screen d. input data __d__ 6. A database holds a group of files, often called ____, that together serve the information needs of an organization. a. records c. fields b. characters d. tables __a__ 7. The ____ is the standard terminal symbol for a flowchart. a. circle c. diamond b. lozenge d. square __c__ 8. If a flowchart has six processing steps and a page provides room for only three, you can use a ____ to create the completed flowchart. a. decision symbol c. connector b. lozenge d. terminator _d___ 9. The problem with the following statement is that ____. 100 = grade a. 100 is not a reasonable grade b. 100 should be in quotes c. the data types don’t match d. the value on the left must be a variable name __a__ 10. The major difference between the two main programming styles in use today is the ____. a. use of flowcharts versus pseudocode b. testing procedure used by the programmer c. focus the programmer takes during the earliest planning stages of a project d. programming language used __b__ 11. The following pseudocode is an example of a(n) ____ structure: if firstNumber is bigger than secondNumber then print firstNumber else print secondNumber a. sequence c. loop b. decision d. nested __d__ 12. Fill in the blank in the following pseudocode: if someCondition is true then do oneProcess ____ do theOtherProcess a. then c. do b. while d. else _c___ 13. The following pseudocode is an example of a(n) ____ structure: get number while number is positive add to sum get number a. sequence c. loop b. decision d. nested __c__ 14. Another name for a loop structure is ____. a. execution c. iteration b. selection d. case _b___ 15. The following pseudocode is an example of ____. do stepA do stepB if conditionC is true then do stepD else do stepE endif while conditionF is true do stepG endwhile a. nesting c. single alternative structures b. stacking d. a posttest _a___ 16. The following pseudocode is an example of ____. if conditionA is true then do stepE else do stepB do stepC do stepD endif a. nesting c. a posttest b. stacking d. a pretest __d__ 17. Years ago, programmers could avoid using structure by inserting a “____” statement into their pseudocode. a. loop c. next b. go next d. go to __b__ 18. Structured programs can be easily broken down into routines or ____ that can be assigned to any number of programmers. a. segments c. units b. modules d. sequences __b__ 19. ____ is considered to be a convenience structure. a. if-then-else c. case b. while d. sequence __c__ 20. In a case structure, the term ____ means “if none of the other cases were true.” a. else c. default b. then d. loop __a__ 21. A case structure can be replaced by one or more ____ structures. a. if-then-else c. do-until b. do-while d. while __d__ 22. In a ____ loop, the loop body continues to execute as long as the answer to the controlling question is yes, or true. a. do-then c. do-until b. do-when d. do-while __c__ 23. ____ is an example of a pretest loop. a. do-while c. while b. do-until d. case __d__ 24. People who use computer programs are called ____. a. managers c. stakeholders b. programmers d. end users __c__ 25. The ____ of documentation is typically written first. a. input c. internal program b. output d. external program __a__ 26. ____ is the process of paying attention to important properties while ignoring nonessential details. a. Abstraction c. Reusability b. Modularization d. Direction _c___ 27. ____ is the feature of programs that assures you a module has been tested and proven to function correctly. a. Modularization c. Reliability b. Abstraction d. Reusability _d___ 28. When a program or module uses another module, you can refer to the main program as the ____ program. a. director c. called b. calling d. parent _a___ 29. The ____ statement is used to indicate the end of a module. a. stop c. return b. end d. done _d___ 30. The name that is best suited to a module that calculates overtime pay is ____. a. calcO() c. calculate overtime() b. cO() d. calculateOvertime() __b__ 31. The structure that is used in a binary selection is ____. a. if-then c. while b. if-then-else d. do-while __c__ 32. Boolean expressions are named after ____. a. Harold Boolean c. George Boole b. Henry Boole d. Gerhardt Boolean __a__ 33. In ____ the equal sign (=) is used to express testing equivalency. a. VisualBasic c. C++ b. Java d. C# __d__ 34. The pseudocode that produces the same result as the following is ____. if customerAge >= 65 then discount = 0.10 else discount = 0 endif a. if customerAge > 65 then discount = 0.10 else discount = 0 endif b. if customerAge < 65 then discount = 0.10 else discount = 0 endif c. if customerAge > 65 then discount = 0 else discount = 0.10 endif d. if customerAge < 65 then discount = 0 else discount = 0.10 endif _c___ 35. The decision structure that is logically equivalent to the following is ___. if customerCode not equal to 1 then discount = 0.25 else discount = 0.50 endif a. if customerCode > 1 then discount = 0.50 else discount = 0.25 endif b. if customerCode < 1 then discount = 0.50 else discount = 0.25 endif c. if customerCode = 1 then discount = 0.50 else discount = 0.25 endif d. if customerCode = 1 then discount = 0.20 else discount = 0.50 endif __d__ 36. When you need to ask multiple questions before an outcome is determined, you must create a(n) ____ condition. a. dual-alternative c. single-alternative b. nested d. compound __b__ 37. A series of nested if statements can also be called a(n) ____ statement. a. n-alternative if c. case b. cascading if d. loop __d__ 38. ____ are diagrams used in mathematics and logic to help describe the truth of an entire expression based on the truth of its parts. a. Decision matrices c. Truth diagrams b. Decision diagrams d. Truth tables __d__ 39. For maximum efficiency, a good rule of thumb in an OR decision is to ____. a. first ask the question that is more likely to be true b. first ask the question that is more likely to be false c. rewrite as an and decision and ask the question more likely to be true d. rewrite as an and decision and ask the question more likely to be false __c__ 40. The symbol that represents a logical OR in Java, C++, and C# is ____. a. % c. || b. $ d. ^ ___a_ 41. Suppose a movie theater manager says, “Provide a discount to patrons who are under 13 years old and those who are over 64 years old; otherwise, charge the full price.” Which statement will implement this logic correctly? a. if patronAge < 13 AND patronAge > 64 then price = discountPrice else price = fullPrice endif b. if patronAge > 13 AND patronAge < 64 then price = discountPrice else price = fullPrice endif c. if patronAge < 13 OR patronAge > 64 then price = discountPrice else price = fullPrice endif d. if patronAge > 13 OR patronAge < 64 then price = discountPrice else price = fullPrice endif __c__ 42. The logical OR operator can be compared to ____ in terms of precedence. a. addition c. multiplication b. subtraction d. division _b___ 43. The type of nested if-then-else structure that could be replaced with a case structure is ____. a. inner nested if within the if portion of the outer if b. inner if within the else portion of the outer if c. one that uses a logical AND d. one that uses a logical OR __b__ 44. When creating a decision table, you must determine how many possible Boolean value combinations exist for the conditions. If there are two conditions, ____ combinations will exist. a. 2 c. 8 b. 4 d. 16 __a__ 45. The first step in a loop is typically ____. a. compare the variable to a value that determines if the loop stops or continues b. initialize the variable c. increment the variable d. perform the loop action __d__ 46. In the following pseudocode fragment, the while loop will terminate when ____. counter = 10 while response = ‘Y’ print counter counter = counter - 1 print “Do you want to see the next counter? Y or N” get response endwhile a. counter = 0 c. response = ‘Y’ b. the while loop will not terminate. d. response = ‘N’ __a__ 47. Once a program enters the body of a structured loop, ____. a. the entire loop must execute b. the loop can be terminated with a break statement c. the loop will execute indefinitely d. a decision statement will be evaluated __d__ 48. The following loop will execute ____ times. counter = 0 while counter <= 10 print “Hello” counter = counter + 1 endwhile a. 0 times c. 10 times b. 9 times d. 11 times _a___ 49. The ____ loop provides three actions in one compact statement. a. for c. do until b. while d. repeat _c___ 50. In a ____ loop, the body of the loop will always execute at least once. a. for c. do until b. while d. repeat _c___ 51. The statement that is true of a structured loop is that ____. a. the loop can exit from any point b. the loop body must execute at least once c. the loop condition represents the only exit from the loop d. the loop can repeat an infinite number of times __c__ 52. A(n) ____ is increased by an arbitrary value, whereas a(n) ____ is usually increased by one. a. summary, total c. accumulator, counter b. counter, accumulator d. counter, summary __b__ 53. ____ is another name for an array. a. group c. matrix b. sequence d. subscript __c__ 54. In all languages, subscript values must be ____. a. characters c. real numbers b. non-sequential d. non-negative __c__ 55. An array can be used to replace ____. a. records c. nested decisions b. methods d. loops __c__ 56. Of the following, ____, is true of arrays. a. An array subscript can be a number or a character. b. Using a numeric constant as a subscript is generally much better than using a variable. c. A named constant equal to the array size can be used to subscript the array. d. In Java, when an array is declared, a constant representing the size is automatically created. __b__ 57. The type of loop____, is used to set the initial value for array variables. a. declaration c. implied b. initialization d. direct __d__ 58. Providing array values is called ____. a. creating the array c. accumulating the array b. declaring the array d. populating the array __c__ 59. Another name for an array is a(n) ____. a. vector c. collection b. table d. set __a__ 60. ____ is true of arrays. a. Only whole numbers can be used as array subscripts. b. Only whole numbers can be stored in arrays. c. Arrays cause more work for the programmer, but allow faster program execution. d. Array elements cannot be reset after the array is declared.